^ 


STEPHEN  B,  WEEKS 

cuss  OF  1886:  PH.D.  THE  JOHNS  HOPKINS  UNIVERSHT 


OF  THE 

UNIWlRSiniY  m  NdDlRM  CAWONiS 
HIE  WEEIKS  C(0)lL]LECTni(0)N 

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S^  V\ 


y.'JSf'TY  OF  N.C.  AT  CHAPEL 


HILL 


00032695824 


II 


This  book  must  not 
be  taken  from  the 
Library  building. 


Form  No.  471 


PORTRAITS 


UNITED   STATES  SENATORS, 


A  BIOGRAPHICAL  SKETCH  OF  EACH. 


CLAREMONT,  N.  H.: 

TEACY,    KENNEY    &    COMPANY. 

1856. 


COPYEIGHT     SECURED. 


STEAM  PRINTING  WORKS  OF  M^FARLAND  &   JENKS, 
CONCORD,  N.   H. 


k 


PREFACE 


There  is  no  country  on  the  face  of  the  earth  in  which  the  people 
have  so  direct  and  personal  an  interest  in  their  Legislators  as  in  our 
own  United  States.  This  arises  from  the  very  spirit  of  our  institu- 
tions. The  makers  of  the  laws  being  chosen  by  the  people  themselves, 
eveiy  person  feels  it  his  concern  to  know  them  as  well  as  possible. 
This  is  necessary  and  right ;  and  every  thing  which  tends  to  extend  this 
knowledge  is  a  benefit  to  the  nation,  inasmuch  as  it  assists  in  the  selection 
of  good  and  true  men  to  guide  the  afi'airs  of  the  state.  It  is  the  earnest 
wish  of  the  publisher  that  the  following  little  book  may  conduce  in  some 
degree  toward  spreading  correct  and  useful  information  concerning 
those  who  are  at  present  our  Senators,  and  to  convey  such  information 
in  an  attractive  and  interesting  manner.  The  engravings  which  are 
here  given,  have  been  made  by  the  first  artists  from  daguerreotypes 
taken  from  life,  and,  as  portraits,  are  unusually  correct.  The  brief  bio- 
graphical sketches  which  accompany  each  one,  have  been  carefully  pre- 
pared from  information  derived  from  the  most  authentic  sources,  and 
may  fully  be  relied  on.  With  these  few  preliminary  remarks  this  gal- 
lery of  Senatorial  Portraits  is  left  to  commend  itself,  by  its  own  merits, 
to  the  approbation  of  the  American  people. 


Qo 


INDEX 


Page. 

Hannibal  Hamlin,  6-7 

James  W.  Bradbury,  8-9 

James  Bell,  10-11 

John  Parker  Hale,  12-13 

Moses  Norris,  Jr.,  14-15 

Solomon  Foote,  16-17 

Jacob  Collamer,  18-19 

William  Upham,  20-21 

Charles  Sumner,  22-23 

Henry  Wilson,  24-25 

John  Davis,  26-27 

John  H.  Clarke,  28-29 

Charles  T.  James,  30-31 

Truman  Smith,  32-33 

Isaac  Toucey,  34-35 

William  H.  Seward,  36-37 

Hamilton  Fish,  38-39 

Jacob  W.  Miller,  40-41 

Robert  F.  Stockton,  42-43 

James  Cooper,  44-45 

Richard  Brodhead,  46-47 

Presley  Spruauce,  48-49 

J.  A.  Bayard,  50-51 

James  Alfred  Pearce,  52-53 

James  M.  Mason,  54-55 

Willie  P.  Mangum,  56-57 
Andrew  Pickens  Butler,         58-59 

W.  F.  De  Saussure,  60-61 

William  C  Dawson,  62-63 


Page. 

Robert  M.  Charlton,  64-65 

Jeremiah  Clemens,  66-67 

Walker  Brooke,  68-69 

Stephen  Adams,  70-71 

Pierre  Soule,  72-73 

S.  W.  Downs,  74-75 

Jackson  Morton,  76-77 

Stephen  Russell  Mallory,  78-79 

Gen.  Sam  Houston,  80-81 

Thomas  J.  Rusk,  82-83 

John  Bell,  84-85 

James  C.  Jones,  86-87 

Archibald  Dixon,  -~  88-89 
Joseph  Rogers  Underwood,    90-91 

Salmon  P.  Chase,  92-93 

Benjamin  F.  Wade,  94-95 

Charles  W.  Cathcart,  96-97 

Jesse  D.  Bright,  98-99 

Stephen  Arnold  Douglas,  100-101 

James  Shields,  102-103 

Lewis  Cass,  104-105 

Alpheus  Felch,  106-107 

Solon  Borland,  108-109 

Augustus  C.  Dodge,  110-111 

George  Wallace  Jones,  112-113 

Henry  Dodge,  114-115 

John  B.  Weller,  116-117 

WilUam  M.  Gwin,  118-11 9 


ffinitti  3htn  Btuinxs 


1* 


HANNIBAL  HAMLIN, 

Senator  from  Maine,  was  born  at  Paris,  Oxford  county, 
Maine,  August  27, 1809.  During  his  minority,  he  worked 
between  one  and  two  years  at  the  printing  business,  after 
which  he  commenced  the  study  of  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  January,  1833.  He  estabhshed  himself  in 
the  practice  of  his  profession  at  Hampden,  Maine,  in  the 
April  following,  and  immediately  entered  on  an  extensive 
practice,  and  soon  acquired  a  high  reputation.  Mr.  Ham- 
lin was  a  member  of  the  Maine  Legislature  for  six  years, 
and  was  for  three  years  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives. In  1840,  he  was  a  candidate  for  the  U.  S. 
House  of  Representatives,  but  failed  of  an  election.  In 
1842,  he  was  again  a  candidate,  and  was  elected,  and  in 
the  year  following  was  reelected.  In  1848,  he  was  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  a  vacancy  occasioned 
by  the  death  of  John  Fairfield,  and  in  1850,  was  reelected 
for  six  years. 


JAMES  W.  BRADBURY, 

Senator  from  Maine,  is  a  native  of  York  county,  state  of 
Maine.  He  graduated  at  Bowdoin  College,  Brunswick,  in 
that  state,  in  1825,  in  a  class  distinguished  for  the  eminent 
men  it  has  produced ;  among  them  the  late  Hon.  Jona- 
than Cilley,  Prof.  Longfellow,  Rev.  Dr.  Cheever,  and  oth- 
ers. He  was  employed  one  year  as  an  instructor  of  the 
academy  of  Hallowell,  and  afterward  studied  law  with 
Judge  Shepley,  late  of  the  U.  S.  Senate,  and  Hon.  Rufus 
Mclntire.  He  removed  to  Augusta,  the  place  of  his  pres- 
ent residence,  in  1830.  In  1846,  he  was  elected  to  the 
Senate  of  the  United  States.  He  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Democratic  National  Convention  of  1844,  and,  placed  that 
year  at  the  head  of  the  electoral  ticket,  and  president  of 
the  electoral  college  of  the  state,  he  cast  his  vote  for  Mr. 
Polk. 


10 


11 


JAMES  BELL, 

Senator  from  New-Hampshire,  is  one  of  the  sons  of  the 
late  Hon.  Samuel  Bell,  who  died  in  Chester,  December  23, 
1850,  aged  81.  He  was  born  in  Francestown,  N.  H., 
November  13th,  1804.  He  fitted  for  college  at  Derry 
and  Andover  academies,  and  graduated  at  Bowdoin  Col- 
lege in  the  class  of  1822.  He  studied  his  profession  in 
the  oflBce  of  his  brother.  Judge  Bell,  of  Manchester,  and 
at  the  Law  School  of  Judge  Gould,  in  Litchfield,  Conn. 
He  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  Gilmanton,  and  af- 
terward removed  to  Exeter,  where  he  continued  it  from 
1831  to  1847,  when  he  removed  to  Gilford.  In  1846,  he 
was  one  of  the  Representatives  to  the  Legislature  from 
Exeter,  and  in  1850,  one  of  the  delegates  from  Gilford  in 
the  Constitutional  Convention.  In  June,  1855,  he  was 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  for  the  full  term  of 
six  years  from  the  4th  of  March,  1855. 


12 


13 


JOHN  PARKER  HALE, 

Senator  from  New-Hampshire,  was  born  at  Rochester, 
Strafford  county,  N.  H.,  March  31,  1806.  Went  to 
Phillips  Academy,  at  Exeter,  N.  H.,  in  September,  1820, 
and  remained  there  three  years.  Entered  Bowdoin  Col- 
lege, at  Brunswick,  Me.,  in  September,  1823,  and  gradu- 
ated in  September,  1827.  He  immediately  commenced 
the  study  of  law  in  his  native  village.  In  June,  1828,  he 
removed  to  Dover,  N.  H.,  where  he  has  ever  since  re- 
sided. In  1830  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar.  In  March, 
1832,  he  was  elected  a  Representative  to  the  Legislature 
of  New-Hampshire.  In  1834  he  was  appointed  U.  S.  At- 
torney for  New-Hampshire,  by  Gen.  Jackson.  In  1838 
he  was  reappointed  by  President  Van  Buren,  from  which 
office  he  was  removed  by  President  Tyler,  in  April,  1841. 
In  March,  1843,  he  was  elected  to  the  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives of  the  United  States,  and  in  March,  1846,  he 
was  again  elected  a  Representative  to  the  Legislature  of 
his  native  state,  and  on  the  assembling  of  that  body,  was 
chosen  Speaker  of  the  House.  At  the  same  session,  he 
was  chosen  a  Senator  of  the  United  States  for  the  term 
of  six  years,  from  and  after  the  4th  of  March,  1847.  In 
the  June  session  of  1855  he  was  again  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the 
death  of  the  Hon.  Charles  G.  Atherton. 


14 


16 


MOSES  NORRIS,  JR., 

Senator  from  New-Hampshire,  was  born  at  Pittsfield,  N. 
H.  In  the  year  1828  he  graduated  at  Dartmouth  College. 
He  studied  law  and  commenced  the  practice  of  his  pro- 
fession at  Barnstead,  Strafford  county,  N.  H.,  but  in  a  few 
years  returned  to  his  native  town,  and  was  shortly  after 
elected  to  the  House  of  Representatives  of  New-Hamp- 
shire. He  was  repeatedly  reelected,  and  chosen  Speaker 
of  the  House.  In  March,  1843,  he  was  elected  Repre- 
sentative to  Congress,  and  in  1845  was  reelected.  Upon 
retiring  from  Congress  he  was  again  elected  to  the  Legis- 
lature of  New-Hampshire,  and  again  chosen  Speaker  of 
the  House.  In  June,  1848,  he  was  elected  to  the  Sen- 
ate of  the  United  States  for  six  years  from  March  4th, 
1849.     Mr.  Norris  died  before  the  expiration  of  his  term. 


16 


17 


SOLOMON  FOOTE, 

Senator  from  Vermont,  was  born  in  the  county  of  Addison, 
Vermont,  November  19th,  1802.  He  graduated  at  North- 
Middlebury  College,  in  August,  1826,  and  was  preceptor 
of  Castleton  Academy  for  one  year  afterward,  and  was  a 
tutor  for  one  year  in  the  University  of  Vermont,  and  sub- 
sequently professor  of  natural  philosophy  in  the  Vermont 
Academy.  In  1831,  he  commenced  the  practice  of  law 
at  Rutland,  Vt.,  and  was  elected  a  Representative  from 
that  town  to  the  State  Legislature  in  1833.  In  the  years 
1836,  '37  and  '38,  he  was  also  elected  to  the  Legislature, 
and  during  the  last  two  years  was  Speaker  of  the  House. 
From  1836  to  1842,  Mr.  Foote  was  State  Attorney 
for  the  county  of  Rutland.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  during  the 
28th  and  29th  Congresses,  and  on  retiring  from  Congress, 
resumed  the  practice  of  his  profession.  In  1847,  he  was 
again  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  Vermont,  and  again 
chosen  Speaker  of  the  House.  In  1850,  he  was  elected 
to  the  Senate  of  the  United  States  for  the  term  of  six 
years. 

2* 


18 


(p-iii^xx^-'z^^^/^':^ 


19 


JACOB  COLLAMER, 

Senator  from  Vermont,  was  born  at  Troy,  N.  Y.,  and  is 
son  of  Samuel  Collamer,  a  native  of  Scituate,  Mass.,  who 
was  a  soldier  of  the  Revolutionary  war.  In  his  childhood 
he  removed  with  his  father's  family  to  Burlington,  Vt., 
and  in  1810,  graduated  at  the  Vermont  University  in  that 
town^  He  immediately  commenced  the  study  of  law — 
entered  the  frontier  campaign  of  1812  as  a  lieutenant  of 
artillery,  in  detached  miUtary  service  of  the  United  States, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1813.  From  the  time  of 
his  admission  to  the  bar  until  the  year  1833,  he  practiced 
law  in  the  counties  of  Windsor  and  Orange.  In  the  last 
named  year  (having  in  the  meantime  been  an  active  and 
influential  member  of  the  Legislature  of  Vermont,)  he  was 
elected  Assistant  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court,  which  of- 
fice he  filled  until  1842.  In  1843,  he  was  elected  to  rep- 
resent the  second  Congressional  District  of  Vermont  in 
the  Congress  of  the  United  States :  was  reelected  in  1844, 
'46  and  '48.  In  March,  1849,  he  received  from  Presi- 
dent Taylor  the  appointment  of  Post-Master  General,  (the 
first  citizen  of  Vermont  that  has  ever  received  a  Cabinet 
appointment,)  which  office  he  held  until  the  death  of  the 
President.  In  1850,  he  was  chosen  Judge  of  the  2d  Ju- 
diciary Circuit,  which  he  held  until  the  fall  of  1854,  when 
he  was  chosen  United  States  Senator  for  the  term  of  six 
years  from  March  4th,  1855. 


20 


^-^l/}^-  /Uf^^^^^-^-y-^^ 


21 


WILLIAM  UPHAM, 

Senator  from  Vermont,  was  born  in  Leicester,  Massachu- 
setts, August  5th,  1792.  He  removed  with  his  father  to 
Montpeher,  Vermont,  in  1803,  and  studied  until  1809, 
when  he  entered  the  office  of  Hon.  Cyrus  Ward,  of  Mont- 
pelier,  as  a  student  at  law,  where  he  remained  one  year, 
when  he  entered  the  office  of  Hon.  Samuel  Prentiss,  and 
continued  his  legal  studies  until  December,  1812,  when  he 
was  admitted  to  the  bar.  He  commenced  the  practice  of 
the  law  at  Montpelier,  in  1813,  and  obtained  a  high  repu- 
tation at  the  bar.  He  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Leg- 
islature of  Vermont  in  the  years  1827,  1828  and  1830, 
and  State  Attorney  in  1828.  In  October,  1842,  he  was 
elected  to  the  Senate  of  the  United  States  for  the  term  of 
six  years  from  the  3d  of  March,  1843,  and  in  October, 
1848,  was  elected  to  the  Senate  for  another  term  of  six 
years,  ending  the  3d  of  March,  1855.  Mr.  Upham  is  not 
living. 


22 


C/^o^^-j     f^^^^^^ 


23 


CHARLES  SUMNER, 

Senator  from  Massachusetts,  was  bom  at  Boston,  January 
6tli,  1811.  He  is  a  graduate  of  Harvard  College.  A 
year  after  he  graduated  he  became  a  member  and  subse- 
quently librarian  of  the  Dane  Law  School,  of  that  Univer- 
sity. There,  during  two  years  and  a  half,  he  was  the  be- 
loved pupil  and  companion  of  Judge  Story,  whose  confi- 
dential friendship  continued  till  the  death  of  that  eminent 
jurist.  His  preparatory  course  of  legal  study  was  com- 
pleted in  the  office  of  the  late  Benjamin  Rand,  of  Boston. 
Continuing  the  successful  practice  of  his  profession  till  the 
autumn  of  1837,  he  explored  all  the  domains  of  the  law, 
ancient  and  modem.  Passing  the  next  two  years  and  a 
half  in  Europe,  he  mingled  freely  in  the  society  of  the 
most  illustrious  men  of  England  and  the  continent.  In 
the  presidential  canvass  of  1848,  he  was  the  candidate  of 
the  Free-soil  party  for  Representative  to  Congress  from 
Boston.  In  the  autumn  of  1850,  he  was  nominated  for 
Senator  in  Congress  for  six  years  from  the  4th  of  March, 
1851,  and  after  a  prolonged  contest  he  was  elected.  Mr. 
Sumner's  orations  and  speeches  before  conventions,  lyce- 
ums,  and  hterary  societies  of  colleges,  and  two  of  his  legal 
arguments  have  been  pubhshed  in  two  volumes  by  Ticknor 
&  Co. 


24 


■e^vt'T^ 


25 


HENRY  WILSON, 

Senator  from  Massachusetts,  was  bom  in  Farmington, 
N.  H.,  Feb.  16, 1812.  In  1833,  he  removed  to  Natick, 
Mass.,  where  he  actively  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of 
shoes.  In  the  ever  memorable  ''hard  cider"  campaign  of 
1840,  Mr,  Wilson  first  became  known  as  a  political  man. 
The  name  of  the  "Natick  Cobbler"  was  heralded  far  and 
wide,  during  which  time  he  visited  and  addressed  the  cit- 
izens of  some  sixty  towns  in  Massachusetts.  In  1840  and 
'41,  he  was  a  member  of  the  House.  In  1843  and  '44, 
he  was  elected  to  the  Senate.  In  1845,  was  again  a  mem- 
ber of  the  House,  and  was  appointed,  with  Mr.  Whittier,  to 
convey  a  petition  to  Congress,  against  the  admission  of  Tex- 
as as  a  slave  state.  In  1848,  he  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Whig  National  Convention,  and  on  the  nomination  of  Gen. 
Taylor,  Mr.  Wilson  and  Judge  Allen,  of  Worcester,  de- 
nounced the  convention,  came  home  and  bolted  the  party. 
From  this  grew  the  Free-soil  party  of  Massachusetts.  Dur- 
ing 1849  and  '50,  Mr.  Wilson  was  editor  and  proprietor 
of  the  Boston  Republican.  In  1850  and  '51,  he  was 
again  in  the  Senate,  and  chosen  President  of  that  body. 
In  1851,  Gen.  Wilson  was  chosen  President  of  the  Free 
Democratic  National  Convention.  Mr.  Wilson  presided 
over  the  Constitutional  Convention  during  the  illness  of 
Mr.  Banks.  In  1853  and  '54,  he  was  the  Free-soil  candi- 
date for  Governor.  In  1855,  he  was  elected  Senator  to  fill 
the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  the  Hon. 
Edward  Everett,  which  term  expires  in  March,  1859. 


26 


27 


JOHN  DAVIS, 

Senator  from  Massachusetts,  was  a  native  of  Worcester 
county,  and  the  son  of  a  farmer.  In  the  early  part  of  his 
youth  he  worked  upon  his  father's  farm,  and  at  a  later  pe- 
riod was  sent  to  Yale  College,  where  he  graduated  in  1812. 
He  studied  law,  and  entered  upon  the  practice  of  his  pro- 
fession in  Worcester,  with  health  greatly  impaired  by  chronic 
complaints,  from  which  he  has  never  fully  recovered.  In 
1825  he  was  elected  to  Congress,  and  served  in  the 
House  of  Representatives  about  nine  years,  when  he  was 
elected  Governor  of  Massachusetts.  He  was  re-elected 
to  the  same  office,  and,  while  Governor,  was  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  where  he  served  until  near  the  close 
of  his  term,  when  he  was  again  elected  Governor,  and  con- 
tinued in  office,  by  successive  elections,  two  years.  In 
1841,  he  was  again  returned  to  the  Senate  of  the  United 
States,  and  has  remained  in  that  body  ever  since. 
Mr.  Davis  has  since  deceased. 


28 


29 


JOHN  H.  CLARKE, 

Senator  from  Rhode-Island,  was  born  in  the  city  of  Prov- 
idence, R.  I.,  and  is  now  about  sixty-five  years  of  age. 
Mr.  Clarke  was  educated  at  Brown  University,  where  he 
graduated  with  the  highest  honors.  He  subsequently  stud- 
ied law,  and  practiced  with  great  success  for  many  years, 
during  which  time  he  was  for  several  years  a  member  of 
the  Legislature  of  Rhode-Island.  Having  abandoned  the 
practice  of  his  profession,  he  engaged  in  the  manufactur- 
ing business,  in  which  he  continued  until  the  year  1842, 
when  the  great  pressure  which  operated  so  disastrously 
on  the  business  community,  compelled  him  to  make  an 
assignment  of  his  property.  After  making  a  highly  hon- 
orable settlement  with  his  creditors,  he  retired  from  busi- 
ness with  an  ample  fortune,  and  hved  in  retirement  until 
the  year  1846,  when  he  was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  the 
United  States  for  the  term  of  six  years. 

3* 


30 


31 


CHARLES  T.  JAMES, 

Senator  from  Rhode-Island,  was  bom  in  West-Greenwich, 
R.  I.,  and  is  now  about  fifty  years  old.  With  but  a  com- 
mon school  education  he  commenced  active  life  as  a  me- 
chanic, and  having,  after  a  close  application  for  a  number 
of  years,  become  intimately  acquainted  with  the  construc- 
tion and  operation  of  every  species  of  machinery,  he  be- 
came an  engineer  and  manufacturer,  and  in  this  capacity 
has  constructed  and  put  in  operation  some  of  the  largest 
and  best  mills  in  the  United  States.  In  February,  1851, 
Mr.  James  was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  the  United  States, 
in  which  body  he  appeared  at  the  commencement  of  the 
session  of  Congress  in  December  following.  As  a  scien- 
tific and  practical  engineer,  Senator  James  has  few  equals 
in  the  country. 


32 


''■''C^^^^n^^c-f^T^ 


33 


TRUMAN  SMITH, 

Senator  from  Connecticut,  was  born  Nov.  27,  1791,  at 
Roxbury,  Connecticut.  His  father,  Phineas  Smith,  was 
a  farmer,  an  elder  brother  of  the  late  Nathaniel  Smith, 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Connecticut,  and  of  Na- 
than Smith,  who  died  in  Washington,  in  December,  1835, 
a  member  of  the  Senate  of  the  United  States.  Mr.  Tru- 
man Smith  graduated  at  Yale  College  in  1815  ;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1818  ;  settled  the  same  year,  in  the 
practice  of  the  law,  at  Litchfield,  Connecticut,  where  he 
continues  to  reside.  He  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  of  the  General  Assembly  of 
Connecticut  in  the  years  1831,  1832  and  1834  ;  was 
elected  a  member  of  Congress  in  1839,  and  re-elected  in 
1841,  1845  and  1847.  In  the  spring  of  1848,  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  Senate  of  the  United  States,  for 
the  term  of  six  years  from  March  4, 1849. 


34 


35 


~^SAAC  TOUCEY, 

Senator  from  Connecticut,  was  born  at  Newtown,  Fairfield 
county,  Connecticut,  November  5th,  1796.  In  1818,  be- 
ing then  twenty-one  years  of  age,  he  began  the  practice 
of  law  at  Hartford,  and  in  1823  was  appointed  State  At- 
torney for  the  county  of  Hartford,  and  continued  to  fill 
that  office  until  1835,  when  he  was  elected  a  member  of 
the  U.  S.  House  of  Representatives,  and  was  a  member 
of  that  body  until  1839.  In  1846  he  was  elected  Gov- 
ernor of  Connecticut,  and  in  1848  was  appointed,  by  Mr. 
Polk,  Attorney  General  of  the  United  States,  to  succeed 
Mr.  Clifford.  In  1850  he  was  a  member  of  the  State 
Senate,  and  in  1852  was  elected  to  the  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives of  Connecticut,  and  in  the  same  year  was  chosen 
United  States  Senator  for  the  term  of  six  years,  from 
March  4th,  1851. 


36 


'tf'6U''^>'>^  /f;:'^^--^^^-^. 


37 


WILLIAM  H.  SEWARD, 

Senator  from  New- York,  was  bom  at  Florida,  Orange  coun- 
ty, New- York,  in  1801.  He  graduated  at  Union  College 
in  1820,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1822.  In  1830 
he  was  elected  to  the  New-York  Senate  for  four  years, 
and  while  a  member  of  that  body  supported  the  policy  of 
internal  improvements,  and  the  abohtion  of  imprisonment 
for  debt.  In  1834  he  was  the  Whig  candidate  for  Gov- 
ernor of  the  State,  but  failed  of  an  election.  In  1838  he 
was  again  a  candidate,  and  was  elected  by  a  large  major- 
ity. In  1843  he  resumed  the  practice  of  law  at  Auburn, 
and  in  March,  1849,  he  was  chosen  United  States  Senator 
for  six  years,  and  took  his  seat  at  the  extra  session  called 
to  consider  the  nomination  of  President  Taylor.  Mr.  Se- 
ward is  regarded  as  the  leader  of  the  Free-soil  or  anti- 
slavery  section  of  the  Whig  party. 


38 


^/^J^ 


ff 


39 


HAMILTON  FISH, 

Senator  from  New- York,  was  born  in  the  city  of  New-York 
in  the  year  1808,  and  is  consequently  now  in  the  48th 
year  of  his  age.  He  was  elected  in  the  28th  Congress, 
and  served  one  term.  In  1847  he  was  elected  Lieutenant 
Governor  of  the  State  of  New- York,  and  in  the  year  fol- 
lowing was  elected  Governor  of  the  State  for  two  years. 
He  declined  a  re-election  in  1850,  and  in  1851  was  elected 
to  the  Senate  of  the  United  States  for  the  full  term  of  six 
years. 


40 


41 


JACOB  W.  MILLER, 

Senator  from  New-Jersey,  is  a  native  of  Morris  county, 
New-Jersey,  and  is  now  in  the  fifty-fifth  year  of  his  age, 
though  he  appears  many  years  younger.  At  the  age  of 
sixteen  he  abandoned  the  study  of  the  classics  and  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits,  but  three  years  after  resumed  his 
studies  and  entered  a  law  office.  In  September,  1823,  he 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  the  practice  of 
law  at  Morristown,  where  he  has  ever  since  resided.  In 
1832  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature. 
The  next  year  he  declined  a  re-election,  and  returned  to 
the  practice  of  his  profession.  In  1839  he  was  elected  to 
the  State  Senate.  In  the  winter  of  1841,  he  was  chosen 
United  States  Senator  for  six  years,  and  first  took  his  seat 
on  the  4th  of  March,  1841.  He  was  re-elected  to  a  second 
term  of  six  years,  which  commenced  on  the  4th  of  March, 
1847. 

4* 


42 


43 


ROBERT  F.  STOCKTON, 

Senator  from  New-Jersey,  was  born  at  Princeton,  New- 
Jersey,  on  the  farm  on  which  he  now  resides.  He  entered 
the  navy  on  the  1st  of  September,  1811,  and  was  one  of 
the  aids  of  Commodore  Rogers  in  the  defence  of  Balti- 
more, in  1814.  In  1821  he  was  appointed  to  the  com- 
mand of  the  sloop-of-war  Alligator,  which  was  ordered  to 
the  coast  of  Africa.  He  was  married  in  1825,  and  while 
on  a  furlough  for  a  few  years,  engaged  in  the  construction 
of  the  Delaware  and  Raritan  canal,  and  during  the  inter- 
vals of  more  active  service,  built  the  war  steamer  Prince- 
ton. Previous  to  the  breaking  out  of  the  Mexican  war, 
he  sailed  for  the  Pacific  in  the  frigate  Congress,  and  ulti- 
mately took  possession  of  California  in  the  name  of  the 
United  States.  Upon  his  return  to  the  United  States,  he 
resigned  his  commission,  and  retired  to  private  life,  but  in 
the  winter  of  1851  was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  the 
United  States  for  six  years. 


44 


45 


JAMES  COOPER, 

Senator  from  Pennsylvania,  was  born  in  Frederick  county, 
Maryland,  May  8th,  1810.  The  pecuniary  embarrass- 
ments of  his  parents  prevented  their  educating  him  until 
he  had  nearly  attained  the  age  of  eighteen  years.  In 
1829  he  was  sent  to  St.  Mary's  College,  at  Emmettsburgh, 
and  thence  removed  to  Washington  College,  Pennsylvania, 
where  he  was  graduated.  In  1832  he  studied  law  with 
Thaddeus  Stevens,  at  Gettysburg,  and  after  reading  the 
usual  term,  was  admitted  to  the  bar.  In  October,  1838, 
he  was  elected  to  Congress,  and  re-elected  in  1840.  In 
March,  1843,  his  term  of  service  expired,  and  in  the  au- 
tumn of  the  same  year  he  was  elected  to  the  Legislature 
of  Pennsylvania.  He  was  re-elected  in  1844,  and  again 
elected  in  1846.  He  was,  subsequently,  appointed  Attor- 
ney General  by  Governor  Johnston,  and  held  the  office  un- 
til January  1st,  1849.  He  was  again  elected  to  the  Leg- 
islature, and  in  1849  was  elected  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate for  the  term  of  six  years.  Mr.  Cooper  was  one  of  the 
committee  of  thirteen  which  framed  the  Compromise  meas- 
ures. 


46 


47 


RICHARD  BRODHEAD, 

Senator  from  Pennsylvania,  was  born  in  Pike  county, 
Pennsylvania,  in  1811.  He  removed  to  Easton,  in  North- 
ampton county,  and  read  law  with  Hon.  James  M.  Porter, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833.  In  1838  he  was 
elected  to  the  State  Legislature  by  the  Democrats,  and 
was  twice  re-elected.  In  1843  he  was  elected  to  Con- 
gress without  opposition,  and  was  twice  re-elected.  In 
1848  he  declined  a  re-election.  In  1849  he  was  the  Dem- 
ocratic nominee  for  the  ojQBce  of  United  States  Senator, 
but  the  Whigs  having  a  majority,  Hon.  James  Cooper  was 
elected.  In  1851  he  was  again  the  candidate  of  the  Dem- 
ocratic party,  and  received  the  unanimous  vote  of  the 
Democratic  members  of  both  branches  of  the  Legislature, 
and  was  elected  a  United  States  Senator  for  the  full  term 
of  six  years. 


48 


49 


PRESLEY  SPRUANCE, 

Senator  from  Delaware,  was  born  near  Smyrna,  state  of 
Delaware,  in  1785,  and  was  bred  to  mercantile  pursuits. 
In  1822  Mr.  Spruance  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Leg- 
islature of  Delaware,  and  continued  a  member  of  that  body 
for  a  period  of  twenty-five  years,  and  was,  for  many  years, 
President  of  the  Senate.  In  1847  Mr.  Spruance  was 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  for  the  term  of  six 
years,  which  term  expired  on  the  4th  of  March,  1853. 
He  is  a  man  of  much  character,  high  principle,  and  of 
large  poHtical  experience ;  honored  by  his  constituents, 
and  respected  and  loved  by  all  who  have  the  pleasure  of 
his  acquaintance.  Mr.  Spruance  retired  from  the  Senate 
at  a  ripe  age,  being  nearly  70  years  old  at  that  time. 


50 


51 


J.  A.  BAYARD, 

Senator  from  Delaware,  was  born  at  Wilmington,  Dela- 
ware, on  the  15th  day  of  November,  1799.  He  was  ed- 
ucated at  Princeton  College,  New-Jersey,  and  at  Union 
College,  Schenectady,  New- York,  on  leaving  which  he 
commenced  the  study  of  law  in  his  native  town,  in  the  of- 
fice of  Hon.  Louis  McLean.  In  1836,  he  was  appointed 
District  Attorney  by  President  Jackson,  and  held  the  office 
until  the  year  1843.  Previous  to  this  appointment,  he  had 
received  several  appointments  to  offices  of  emolument  and 
trust,  but  invariably  declined  their  acceptance.  In  Jan- 
uary, 1851,  he  was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  the  United 
States  for  six  years,  and  took  his  seat  in  that  body  on  the 
4th  day  of  March  following. 


52 


d-c^-^-z^ 


53 


JAMES  ALFRED  PEARCE, 

Senator  from  Maryland,  was  born  on  the  14th  of  Decem- 
ber, 1805,  of  a  family  who  settled  in  Maryland  as  early 
as  the  year  1765.  Mr.  Pearce  was  educated  at  Princeton 
College,  where  he  graduated  in  1822,  at  the  early  age  of 
sixteen,  with  the  highest  honors  of  his  class.  He  studied 
law  in  Baltimore,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1826. 
He  settled  in  Louisiana  in  1828,  but  returned  to  Mary- 
land in  1829.  He  was  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  Ma- 
ryland in  1831,  and  to  the  House  of  Representatives  of 
the  United  States  in  1835.  Mr.  Pearce  was  elected  to 
the  Senate  of  the  United  States  in  1813,  and  in  1850 
was  appointed,  by  Mr.  Fillmore,  Secretary  of  the  Interior, 
but  declined  the  office. 

5* 


54 


Jj4jVi^ 


55 


JAMES  M.  MASON, 

Senator  from  Virginia,  was  born  in  Fairfax  county,  Vir- 
ginia, November  3d,  1798,  and  was  graduated  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania  in  1818.  He  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  Frederick  county,  Virginia,  in  1820,  and  re- 
turned from  the  same  county  to  the  House  of  Delegates 
of  Virginia  in  1827,  and  again  returned  from  the  same 
county  in  1829  and  1830.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Vir- 
ginia Convention,  called,  in  1829,  to  amend  the  Constitu- 
tion of  the  state,  and  was  elected  to  the  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives of  the  United  States  for  the  25th  Congress.  In 
January,  1847,  he  was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  the  Unit- 
ed States,  and  at  the  expiration  of  his  term,  was  re-elected 
for  six  years  from  March  4th,  1851. 


56 


^1^'      ^^-^^^ 


57 


WILLIE  P.  MANGUM, 

Senator  from  North- Carolina,  was  born  in  Orange  county, 
N.  C,  in  1792,  and  was  educated  at  the  University  of  the 
State,  where  he  graduated  in  1814,  with  the  degree  of 
Bachelor  of  Arts.  The  degrees  of  A.  M.  and  LL.  D. 
have  since  been  conferred  upon  him.  He  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1816,  and  was  elected  to  the  State  Legisla- 
ture in  1818.  In  1819,  he  was  elected  a  Judge  of  the 
Superior  Court  of  North-Carolina,  which  office  he  resign- 
ed in  1820,  and  returned  to  the  bar.  In  1823,  he  was 
elected  to  the  U.  S.  House  of  Representatives,  and  re- 
elected "in  1825.  He  resigned  his  seat  in  the  summer  of 
1826,  and  continued  the  practice  of  law  until  1828,  when 
he  was  re-elected  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court.  In  1830, 
he  was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  the  United  States  for  six 
years,  and  has  been  a  member  of  that  body  ever  since, 
with  the  exception  of  two  years,  1838  and  1839.  In 
1842,  he  was  elected  President  of  the  Senate,  and  serv- 
ed in  that  capacity  for  three  years. 


58 


^  ^  V5  cU^d^ 


59 


ANDREW  PICKENS  BUTLER, 

Senator  from  South-Carolina,  was  bom  in  Edgefield  dis- 
trict, South-Carolina,  in  the  year  1798.  In  1817,  he 
graduated  with  high  honors  at  South-Carolina  College,  and 
in  1819  was  admitted  to  the  bar.  He  practiced  law  until 
the  year  1833,  when  he  was  appointed  Judge  of  the  Cir- 
cuit and  Supreme  Court,  and  served  in  that  capacity  until 
1846,  when  he  was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  the  United 
States.  Judge  Butler  is  a  very  eloquent  and  impressive 
orator,  and  a  sound  politician,  looking  upon  every  meas- 
ure with  a  clear,  comprehensive  eye,  and  weighing  its  im- 
portance as  it  regards  its  utility  and  general  usefulness. 
His  native  state  is  well  represented  by  him,  and  could 
hardly  have  made  a  better  selection  from  among  her  dis- 
tinguished sons,  to  fill  the  honorable  post  he  now  occupies. 


60 


?r^'    MMll/7n7% 


61 


W.  F.  DE  SAUSSURE, 

Senator  from  South-Carolina,  was  bom  in  Charleston, 
South- Carolina,  in  1792.  He  resides  in  Columbia,  the 
capital  of  the  state,  where  he  is  engaged  in  the  practice 
of  the  law.  He  was  for  many  years  a  Representative  in 
the  State  Legislature.  Upon  the  resignation  of  Mr. 
Rhett,  Mr.  De  Saussure  was  appointed,  by  the  Governor 
of  South-Carolina,  to  fill  his  unexpired  term  as  United 
States  Senator.  This  was  originally  the  term  of  the  Hon. 
John  C.  Calhoun,  upon  whose  death  Hon.  F.  H.  Elmore 
was  appointed,  but  died  in  about  two  weeks,  after  giving 
but  a  single  vote.  He  was  succeeded  by  Hon.  Robert 
Bainwell,  who  resigned,  and  the  vacancy  was  filled  by 
Hon.  R.  Bainwell  Rhett.  Upon  the  resignation  of  the 
latter,  in  May,  1852,  Mr.  De  Saussure  was  appointed  by 
the  Governor,  and  served  during  the  remainder  of  the 
summer  session.  His  appointment  by  the  Governor  hav- 
ing expired,  at  the  meeting  of  the  Legislature,  in  Novem- 
ber, 1852,  he  was  elected  by  that  body  to  fill  the  remain- 
der of  the  Senatorial  term  which  expired  on  the  4th  of 
March,  1853,  the  residue  of  the  term  to  which  the  lament- 
ed Calhoun  was  elected ;  thus  presenting  the  very  unusual 
case  of  five  Senators  in  succession  fiUino;  the  same  term. 


62 


/^fl^.  ^.Wte^-:^ 


63 


WILLIAM  C.  DAWSON, 

Senator  from  Georgia,  was  born  in  the  county  of  Greene, 
in  the  state  of  Georgia,  and  is  the  descendant  of  one  of 
the  very  first  settlers  of  that  part  of  middle  Georgia, 
in  the  same  county  where  he  now  resides.  He  was  edu- 
cated at  the  University  of  his  native  state.  The  first 
year  of  his  manhood,  he  was  the  Clerk  of  the  House 
of  Representatives  of  the  General  Assembly  of  the  State  ; 
was  twice  a  delegate  to  the  convention  to  amend  the  Con- 
stitution ;  was  Senator  to  the  State  Legislature,  and  was 
elected  four  successive  times  as  Representative  to  the  Con- 
gress of  the  United  States.  During  his  service  in  Con- 
gress in  1841,  he  was  the  nominee  of  the  Whig  party  for 
Governor,  but  was  defeated  in  consequence  of  the  vote  he 
gave  in  the  extra  session  of  Congress  to  tax  tea  and  cofiee. 
Immediately  thereafter  he  resigned  his  seat  in  Congress. 
In  1845,  he  was  appointed  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Su- 
preme Court  of  the  State,  and  in  1847,  he  was  elected  a 
Senator  to  Congress. 


64 


<^fu>t^£--/v-, 


65 


ROBERT  M.  CHARLTON, 

Senator  from  Georgia,  was  born  in  Savannah,  on  the  9th 
of  January,  1807.  He  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  April,  1827.  He  was  married  in  1829,  and 
represented,  in  that  year,  the  county  of  Chatham,  in  the 
Legislature  of  Georgia.  He  held  the  offices  of  Attorney 
of  the  United  States  for  the  District  of  Georgia,  and  of 
Mayor  of  the  city  of  Savannah,  several  times ;  and  was 
appointed  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Superior  Courts  of 
Georgia  (that  being  then  the  highest  judicial  tribunal  in 
the  state)  in  December,  1835,  having  then  only  reached 
the  age  of  twenty-eight  years,  and  was  appointed  Senator 
in  Congress  to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  the  Hon.  John  M.  Berrien,  which  took  effect  on 
the  1st  of  June,  1852. 

6* 


66 


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/       ^.^^^'^^.^'^^Z^-t^T.^^^t^^t^ 


67 


JEREMIAH  CLEMENS, 

Senator  from  Alabama,  was  born  at  Huntsville,  Alabama, 
December  28th,  1815,  and  educated  at  the  Alabama  Uni- 
versity, Tuscaloosa.  Elected  to  the  Alabama  Legislature 
from  Madison,  his  native  county,  in  1839,1840  and  1841. 
He  went  to  Texas  as  captain  of  a  volunteer  company,  in 
the  spring  of  1842,  and  was  elected  Lieutenant  Colonel 
of  Volunteers  on  the  frontier  of  Texas,  in  July,  1842. 
Returned  to  Alabama  and  became  a  member  of  the  Leg- 
islature in  1843,  and  Democratic  elector  of  President  in 
1844.  He  was  again  elected  the  same  year  to  the  Leg- 
islature. Appointed  Major  of  the  13th  Infantry,  March 
3d,  1847.  Promoted  to  the  rank  of  Lieutenant  Colonel 
9th  Infantry,  July  16th,  1847.  By  the  reduction  of  the 
army  at  the  close  of  the  Mexican  War,  he  was  discharged 
from  service. 


68 


'y^/^-r^gc^ 


69 


WALKER  BROOKE, 

Senator  from  Mississippi,  was  born  in  Frederick  county, 
Virginia,  in  1815.  At  an  early  age  he  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1835.  In  1836,  he  removed 
to  Kentucky,  where  he  taught  school  two  and  a  half  years. 
In  the  fall  of  1839,  he  removed  to  Mississippi,  where  he 
commenced  the  practice  of  the  law.  In  1845,  he  was 
nominated  one  of  the  Whig  candidates  for  Congress,  on  a 
general  ticket,  but  failed  of  an  election.  In  1847,  he 
was  elected  to  the  lower  branch  of  the  State  Legislature, 
and  in  1850  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate,  but  resigned 
in  1851.  In  February,  1852,  he  was  elected  to  the  Sen- 
ate of  the  United  States,  to  fill  a  vacancy  occasioned  by 
the  resignation  of  H.  S.  Foote.  Mr.  Brooke  is  one  of  the 
"  seceding  Whigs  "  who  opposed  Gen.  Scott's  election  to 
the  Presidency. 


70 


O-^tvv^ 


71 


STEPHEN  ADAMS, 

Senator  from  Mississippi,  was  born  in  Pendleton  district, 
South-Carolina,  on  the  17th  of  October,  1804.  In  1806 
he  removed  with  his  father,  David  Adams,  a  Baptist  min- 
ister, to  Bedford  county,  Tennessee,  where  he  resided 
until  1812,  when  he  removed  to  Franklin  county,  where 
he  resided  until  1834.  He  was  elected  to  the  office  of 
Constable  in  1827,  but  resigned  the  office  and  commenced 
the  study  of  law,  and  in  1829  obtained  a  license  to  prac- 
tice. In  1833  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate.  In 
1834  he  removed  to  Munroe  county,  Mssissippi.  In 
1837  he  was  elected  Circuit  Judge,  and  was  twice  re- 
elected to  the  same  office.  In  1846  he  resigned  his  office, 
and  in  November  of  the  same  year  was  elected  to  the 
House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States.  In  1850 
he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature ;   in 

1851  he  was  a  member  of  the  State  Convention,  and  in 

1852  was  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  for  the  term 
expiring  March  4,  1857. 


\ 


72 


73 


PIERRE   SOULE, 

Senator  from  Louisiana,  was  born  at  Castillon,  in  the  Pyr- 
enees, during  the  first  consulate  of  Napoleon.  He  was 
destined  for  the  church,  and  in  1816  was  sent  to  the  Jes- 
uit^s  College,  at  Toulouse,  where  his  abilities  were  marked 
and  appreciated.  He  soon  became  dissatisfied  with  his 
situation,  and,  having  left  the  college,  was  sent  to  com- 
plete his  studies  at  Bordeaux,  but  soon  left  and  repaired 
to  Paris,  where,  in  connection  with  Barthelemj  and  Mery, 
he  estabhshed  a  paper  advocating  liberal  republican  senti- 
ments. For  this  offence  he  was  sent  to  St.  Pelagie,  from 
whence  he  finally  made  his  escape  to  England.  From 
England  he  went  to  Havre,  from  whence  he  embarked  to 
Port  au  Prince  in  1825,  and  in  the  same  year  arrived  in 
New-Orleans.  Having  studied  law,  he  soon  rose  to  emi- 
nence in  his  profession,  and  obtained  a  high  reputation  as 
an  orator.  In  1847  he  was  elected  Senator  from  Louis- 
iana, to  fill  a  vacancy,  and  was  reelected  in  1849  for  a 
term  of  six  years.  In  the  Senate  he  has  preserved  his 
reputation  as  a  speaker,  and  his  oratory  is  rendered  the 
more  pleasing  by  a  sHght  French  accent. 


74 


j!>-v-K~U//  — 


75 


S.  W.  DOWNS, 

Senator  from  Louisiana,  was  born  in  Tennessee  in  1801, 
and  emigrated,  when  a  boy,  to  Louisiana,  but  went  back 
to  Tennessee  to  complete  his  studies,  and  then  entered  the 
University  of  Transylvania,  from  whence  he  graduated 
with  distinction.  He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1825. 
In  the  political  canvass  of  1828,  which  elevated  Gen. 
Jackson  to  the  presidency,  he  was  distinguished  by  his 
powerful  advocacy  of  Jeffersonian  principles.  He  was  an 
early  advocate  of  Texas  annexation  ;  a  presidential  elector ; 
and  was  appointed  District  Attorney,  after  which  he  was 
unanimously  nominated  by  the  Democracy,  and  elected  to 
the  Senate  of  the  United  States.  He  defended  the  war 
policy  with  Mexico  ;  advocated  the  admission  of  California, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Compromise  Committee  of  Thir- 
teen. Senator  Downs,  is  tall  in  stature,  and  in  public 
speaking  is  clear  and  argumentative,  and  his  manner  is 
vehement  and  impressive. 


76 


.-^^^^J^v^^W^^V  "* 


77 


JACKSON  MORTON, 

Senator  from  Florida,  is  a  native  of  Fredericksburg,  Vir- 
ginia, and  was  educated  at  "Washington  and  William  and 
Mary's  Colleges,  in  that  state.  In  the  year  1829,  he  re- 
moved to  Florida,  and  engaged  actively  in  endeavoring 
to  develop  the  resources  of  that  infant  territory.  In  1836, 
he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Territorial  Legislature. 
He  was  returned  the  ensuing  year,  and  made  President  of 
the  Council.  He  was  a  member  of  the  convention  called 
in  1838  to  form  a  State  Constitution.  From  1841  to 
1845,  he  was  Navy  Agent  at  Pensacola.  Upon  the  ad- 
mission of  Florida  into  the  Union,  he  was  elected  a  Gen- 
eral of  the  militia.  In  1848,  he  was  made  an  Elector  of 
President  and  Vice-President  of  the  United  States,  and 
assisted  in  casting  the  first  vote  of  the  state  for  Taylor  and 
Fillmore.  A  few  weeks  thereafter,  he  was  elected  a  Sen- 
ator of  the  United  States  for  six  years,  from  the  4th  of 
March,  1849. 

7* 


78 


Y9 


STEPHEN  RUSSELL  MALLORY, 

Senator,  from  Florida,  is  the  second  son  of  Charles  Mal- 
lory,  of  Reading,  Connecticut,  and  was  born  in  the  West 
Indies,  in  the  year  1814,  and  came  to  the  United  States 
when  but  three  months  old.  In  1819,  he  accompanied  his 
father  to  Florida,  and  was  placed  at  an  "  old  field  school," 
near  Mobile,  from  whence  he  was  removed  to  the  Academy 
at  Nazareth,  Pennsylvania,  where  he  spent  several  years. 
He  returned  to  Florida  in  1830,  and  estabhshed  his  resi- 
dence at  Key- West,  where  he  embraced  the  profession  of 
the  law,  and  is  now  one  of  the  oldest  practitioners  of  the 
common,  civil,  and  admiralty  law  in  South-Florida.  Mr. 
Mallory  has  filled  many  important  trusts  under  the  state 
and  general  governments,  and  was  Collector  of  the  Cus- 
toms and  Superintendent  of  the  Revenue  at  Key- West, 
under  Mr.  Polk.  In  1850,  he  was  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  for  the  term  of  six  years. 


80 


81 


GEN.  SAM  HOUSTON, 

Senator  from  Texas,  was  born  in  Rockbridge  county, 
Virginia,  March  2, 1793.  When  quite  young  his  widowed 
mother  removed  with  her  family  to  the  banks  of  the  Ten- 
nessee, at  that  time  the  hmits  of  civilization.  In  1813, 
he  enlisted  in  the  army,  and  served  under  General  Jack- 
son in  the  war  with  the  Creek  Indians,  after  which  he  re- 
signed his  commission,  and  studied  law  in  Nashville.  In 
1823,  he  was  elected  to  Congress,  and  continued  a  member 
until  1827,  when  he  became  Governor  of  Tennessee.  In 
April,  1836,  he  fought  the  celebrated  battle  of  San  Jacinto, 
in  which  the  Mexicans  were  completely  routed,  while  the 
Texans  had  but  seven  killed  and  thirty  wounded.  In 
October,  1836,  he  was  inaugurated  first  President  of  the 
Republic  of  Texas,  and  in  1841  was  a  second  time  elected  to 
the  same  office.  In  1844,  Texas  became  one  of  the  states 
of  the  Union,  and  Gen.  Houston  was  elected  to  the  Sen- 
ate of  the  United  States. 


82 


83 


THOMAS  J.  RUSK, 

Senator  from  Texas,  was  born  in  Pendleton  district,  South- 
Carolina,  on  the  5th  day  of  December,  1803.  He  resided 
in  his  native  state  until  1824,  when  he  removed  to  Georgia. 
In  1835,  he  removed  to  Texas,  and  during  the  revolution 
in  that  country  joined  the  army  and  was  at  the  head  of  a 
company  of  volunteers,  and  was  soon  after  made  Inspector 
General  of  the  regular  forces.  In  1836,  he  was  elected 
a  member  of  the  Texan  Convention,  by  which  body  he 
was  made  Secretary  of  War.  General  Houston  having 
been  disabled  by  a  wound  at  San  Jacinto,  General  Rusk 
was  placed  in  command  of  the  army  as  Brigadier  General. 
In  1837,  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Texan  Congress. 
In  1838,  he  was  elected  Major  General,  and,  soon  after- 
ward. Chief  Justice  of  the  Repubhc,  which  station  he 
soon  resigned,  and  returned  to  the  walks  of  private  life. 
When  Texas  was  annexed  to  the  United  States,  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  convention  to  form  a  state  Con- 
stitution, and  was  made  President  of  that  body.  He  was 
elected  as  one  of  the  two  first  Senators  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  in  1850  was  reelected  for  six  years, 
from  March  4, 1851. 


84 


^h-pTTl^^. 


85 


JOHN  BELL, 

Senator  from  Tennessee,  was  born  on  the  18th  of  Febru- 
ary, 1797,  near  Nashville,  Tennessee.  He  received  an 
academical  education,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1816. 
In  1817  he  was  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  his  native 
state,  and  in  1827  was  elected  a  member  of  the  United 
States  House  of  Representatives,  and  was  reelected  from 
time  to  time  until  the  year  1841,  and  was  chosen  Speaker 
of  the  House  upon  the  resignation  of  Mr.  Stephenson  in 
1834.  In  1841  he  was  appointed  Secretary  of  War  under 
General  Harrison,  but  resigned  the  office  with  the  rest  of 
the  Cabinet,  Mr.  Webster  excepted,  when  Mr.  Tyler  ve- 
toed the  Bank  bill  without  consulting  the  members  of  the 
Cabinet.  In  1847  he  was  again  chosen  to  the  Legislature 
of  his  native  state,  and  in  the  fall  of  that  year  was  elected 
a  member  of  the  Senate  of  the  United  States  for  six  years. 


86 


87 


JAMES  C.  JONES, 

Senator  from  Tennessee,  was  born  in  Tennessee  on  the  7th 
of  June,  1809,  and  was  elected  to  the  Legislature  of  his 
native  state  in  1839.  In  1840  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Electoral  College.  In  1841  he  was  elected  Governor  of 
Tennessee,  and  in  1843  was  reelected  to  the  same  office. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Electoral  College  in  1848,  and 
cast  his  vote  for  Taylor  and  Fillmore.  In  1851  he  was 
elected  to  the  Senate  of  the  United  States  for  the  term  of 
six  years. 


8a 


'^y^-l^y^ 


89 


H 


M: 


0    ^ 


ARCHIBALD  DIXON, 


Senator  from  Kentucky,  was  born  in  the  county  of  Cas- 
well, Smith-Carolina,  April  2d,  1802,  and  removed  to  Hen- 
derson county,  Kentucky,  in  1805.  He  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1824,  and  elected  to  the  lower  branch  of  the 
Legislature  in  1830,  and  was  a  member  of  the  state  Sen- 
ate for  four  years  from  1836,  and  again  elected  to  the 
lower  branch  of  the  Legislature  in  1841.  In  1844  he  was 
elected  Lieutenant  Governor  of  Kentucky.  In  1849  he 
was  elected  a  delegate  to  the  State  Convention  to  revise 
the  Constitution,  and  in  1851  was  the  Whig  candidate  for 
Governor  of  the  State,  but  was  defeated  in  consequence 
of  Cassius  M.  Clay  being  run  as  an  independent  Whig. 
In  1852  he  was  elected  by  the  legislature  of  Kentucky  to 
the  Senate  of  the  United  States,  to  fill  the  vacancy  occa- 
sioned by  the  resignation  of  Hon.  Henry  Clay. 


90 


{/^  ,    l^lAyc6anvtr-mr^ 


91 


JOSEPH  ROGERS  UNDERWOOD, 

Senator  from  Kentucky,  was  born  in  Goochland  county, 
Virginia,  October  24,  1791,  and  removed  to  Kentucky  in 
the  spring  of  1803.  He  graduated  at  Transylvania  Uni- 
versity, in  Lexington,  Kentucky,  in  1811.  In  the  spring 
of  1813  he  was  elected  lieutenant  of  a  volunteer  company, 
and  marched  with  Dudley's  regiment.  He  was  badly 
wounded,  taken  and  sent  home  a  prisoner  of  war  by  the 
defeat  of  that  regiment  opposite  Fort  Meigs,  May  5th, 
1813.  In  1814  he  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in 
Glasgow,  Kentucky.  From  1816  to  1819  he  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  Legislature.  In  1820  he  was  a  Presiden- 
tial elector,  and  voted  for  Mr.  Clay.  In  1823  he  removed 
from  Glasgow  to  Bowling  Green,  where  he  now  resides. 
In  1825  and  1826  he  was  again  a  member  of  the  state 
Legislature,  and  in  1828  appointed  Judge  of  the  Court  of 
Appeals  of  Kentucky.  He  resigned  the  office  in  1835, 
and  was  in  that  year  elected  to  Congress  as  a  Representa- 
tive, and  continued  to  serve  in  that  capacity  for  eight  suc- 
cessive years,  when  he  voluntarily  retired  in  1843.  In 
1844  he  was  again  chosen  Presidential  elector,  and  voted 
for  Mr.  Clay.  In  1845  he  was  elected  to  the  Legislature 
of  Kentucky,  and  chosen  Speaker  of  that  body.  In  the 
winter  of  1846-47,  he  was  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate. 


92 


93 


SALMON  P.  CHASE, 

Senator  from  Ohio,  was  born  at  Cornish,  N.  H.,  on  the 
13th  of  January,  1808.  At  the  age  of  ten  years,  he  was 
deprived,  by  death,  of  a  father's  care,  and  shortly  after- 
ward sent  to  Ohio,  and  placed  in  the  school  at  Worthing- 
ton,  then  under  the  charge  of  his  uncle,  Bishop  Chase, 
where  he  remained  a  few  years  and  then  removed  to  Cin- 
cinnati, and  became  a  student  of  Cincinnati  College.  He 
entered  Dartmouth  College  as  Junior  in  1824,  and  was 
graduated  in  1826,  after  which  he  repaired  to  Washington, 
D.  C,  and  commenced  the  study  of  law  in  the  office  of 
William  Wirt.  He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  the  Su- 
preme Court  of  Ohio  in  1830.  In  February,  1849,  he 
was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  the  United  States  for  the  term 
of  six  years.  As  a  lawyer,  Mr.  Chase  is  diligent,  patient 
and  accurate,  and  as  an  advocate  he  takes  a  high  rank. 


94 


ty 


^-^c/^^ 


95 


BENJAMIN  F.  WADE, 

Senator  from  Ohio,  was  born  at  West- Springfield,  Mass., 
Oct.  27th,  1800,  and  at  the  age  of  21,  removed  to  Ashta- 
bula county,  Ohio,  where  he  read  law  in  the  office  of  Hon. 
Elisha  Whittlesey.  He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829, 
and  in  the  fall  of  1835,  elected  Prosecuting  Attorney.  In 
1837,  he  was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  Ohio,  and  continued 
in  office  four  years.  On  the  2d  of  February,  1847,  he 
was  elected  Resident  Judge  of  the  3d  Judicial  district, 
and  continued  in  office  until  March,  1851,  when  he  was 
elected  to  the  Senate  of  the  United  States  for  the  full 
term  of  six  years.  Mr.  Wade  is  a  self-educated  man. 
His  father  was  a  soldier  of  the  Revolution,  and  served  in 
the  army  from  Bunker  Hill  to  Yorktown. 


96 


97 


CHARLES  W.  CATHCART, 

Senator  from  Indiana,  was  born  at  Funchal,  Madeira,  July 
24, 1809.  Though  born  abroad,  he  was  a  natural  born 
citizen  of  the  United  States,  his  father  and  grandfather 
on  the  maternal  side  having  served  as  officers  in  the  Revo- 
lutionary war.  The  little  education  he  received  was  at 
Cadiz,  in  Spain,  and  in  the  District  of  Columbia.  At 
the  age  of  twelve,  he  left  school,  and  from  that  time  until 
he  went  to  the  West,  he  went  to  sea  and  worked  at  the 
trade  of  a  carpenter.  Twenty-five  years  ago  he  went  to 
Indiana,  making  the  journey  on  foot,  and  settled  on  lands 
then  belonging  to  the  Pottowatamie  Indians,  and  has  re- 
sided there  ever  since.  Mr.  Cathcart  was  for  three  years 
a  member  of  the  Senate  of  Indiana ;  an  Elector  of  Presi- 
dent and  Yice-President  in  1844,  and  a  member  of  the 
United  States  House  of  Representatives  for  the  29th  and 
80th  Congresses,  and  in  1852,  was  appointed  United 
States  Senator,  to  fill  a  vacancy,  occasioned  by  the  death 
of  James  Whitcomb. 


98 


99 


JESSE  D.  BRIGHT, 

Senator  from  Indiana,  was  born  at  Norwich,  State  of  New- 
York,  December  18,  1812.  At  the  age  of  seven  years, 
he  emigrated  with  his  family  to  Indiana,  where  he  has  ever 
since  resided.  At  the  early  age  of  nineteen,  he  was 
admitted  to  the  bar.  When  in  his  22d  year,  he  was 
elected  to  the  office  of  Probate  Judge,  which  place  he  re- 
signed in  1839,  on  receiving  the  appointment  of  Marshal 
of  the  United  States  for  the  district  of  Indiana.  From 
this  office  he  was  removed  by  Mr.  Tyler,  ten  days  before 
the  annual  election  in  1841,  and  was  immediately  an- 
nounced as  a  candidate  for  the  State  Senate,  to  which 
office  he  was  elected  by  a  decided  majority.  In  1843,  he 
was  elected  Lieutenant-Governor  of  Indiana,  by  greatly 
more  than  his  party  vote.  In  1845,  he  was  elected  to  the 
Senate  of  the  United  States,  and  was  reelected  in  1851, 


100 


101 


STEPHEN  ARNOLD  DOUGLAS, 

Senator  from  Illmois,  was  born  at  Brandon,  Vermont, 
April  23d,  1813.  In  early  life  he  worked  upon  a  farm, 
and  afterward  at  the  cabinet-making  business.  His  health 
failing,  he  removed  to  Ontario  county,  New- York,  and 
entered  the  academy  of  Canandaigua.  Afterward  he  com- 
menced the  study  of  law.  In  1833,  he  left  Canandaigua 
and  went  to  Cleveland,  Ohio,  where  he  was  taken  sick. 
On  his  recovery  he  left  Cleveland,  and  obtained  the  place 
of  teacher  of  a  school  at  Winchester,  Illinois,  in  Decem- 
ber, 1833.  He  here  opened  a  law  oflSce,  and  was  soon 
chosen,  by  the  Legislature,  State  Attorney.  In  1836,  he 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  Legislature.  He  was  ap- 
pointed Register  of  the  Land  Office  at  Springfield,  and  in 
December,  1840,  was  appointed  Secretary  of  State  of  Illi- 
nois. In  1841,  he  was  elected  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme 
Court ;  and  in  1843,  a  member  of  the  Congress  of  the 
United  States  ;  in  1847,  he  was  elected  to  the  Senate. 


102 


103 


JAMES  SHIELDS, 

Senator  from  Illinois,  was  born  in  county  Tyrone,  Ireland, 
in  1810,  and  emigrated  to  America  about  1826.  In  1832, 
he  went  to  Illinois,  and  practiced  law  at  Kaskaskia.  In 
1836,  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Illinois  Legislature, 
and  Auditor  of  the  state  in  1839.  In  1843,  he  was  ap- 
pointed Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court ;  and  in  1845,  Com- 
missioner of  the  General  Land  Office.  At  the  commence- 
ment of  the  Mexican  war  he  was  appointed  by  President 
Polk  a  Brigadier-General  in  the  United  States  army,  and 
for  his  distinguished  services  during  the  course  of  the  war, 
promoted  to  the  rank  of  Brevet  Major-General.  About 
1849,  he  was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  the  United  States 
for  the  term  of  six  years. 


104 


105 


LEWIS  CASS, 

Senator  from  Michigan,  was  born  at  Exeter,  N.  H.,  Oc- 
tober 9th,  1782.  When  he  was  eighteen  years  old,  he 
taught  school  some  months,  and  then  started  on  foot  across 
the  Alleghany  mountains,  and  established  himself  at  Ma- 
rietta, in  the  northwest  territory.  In  1802  he  was  admit- 
ted to  practice  at  the  bar.  In  1806  he  was  elected  to 
the  Legislature  from  Muskingum  county.  In  1807  he 
was  appointed  by  Mr.  Jefferson,  Marshal  of  the  United 
States  for  the  District  of  Ohio,  and  remained  in  that  office 
five  years.  In  1812  he  was  chosen  Colonel  of  a  regiment 
of  Ohio  Volunteers.  On  the  12th  of  July  he  crossed, 
with  the  army  of  General  Hull,  into  Canada,  and  being 
detached  on  separate  service,  had  a  skirmish  with  the 
British,  in  which  he  was  successful.  The  ensuing  winter 
he  was  appointed  Brigadier  General  in  the  United  States 
Army.  On  the  5th  of  October,  1813,  he  was  at  the  bat- 
tle of  the  Thames  with  General  Harrison.  In  the  same 
year  he  was  appointed  by  Mr.  Madison,  Governor  of  Mich- 
igan, and  continued  in  office  under  seven  administrations. 
In  1 831  he  was  appomted  Secretary  of  War  in  the  Cabi- 
net of  General  Jackson.  In  1836  he  went  to  France  as 
Minister  Plenipotentiary.  In  1844  he  was  elected  to  the 
Senate  of  the  United  States,  and  in  1848  was  the  Demo- 
cratic candidate  for  President  of  the  United  States,  and 
resigned  his  seat  in  the  Senate.  He  was  subsequently 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate. 


106 


^^fe^^Wy  ^^ 


107 


ALPHEUS  FELCH, 

Senator  from  Michigan,  was  born  at  Limerick,  Maine,  Sep- 
tember 28, 1806.  He  was  fitted  for  college  at  Phillips 
Academy,  Exeter,  N.  H.,  and  entered  Bowdoin  College 
in  September,  1823,  and  graduated  in  September,  1827, 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  the  fall  of  1830. 
He  practiced  law  in  Maine  until  June,  1833,  and  removed  to 
Monroe,  Michigan,  in  the  August  following,  where  he  pur- 
sued his  profession.  In  1835  he  was  chosen  a  member  of 
the  State  Legislature,  and  in  the  year  following  was  re- 
elected. In  February,  1838,  he  was  appointed  a  Bank 
Commissioner,  which  office  he  held  until  March,  1839, 
when  he  resigned  it.  In  February,  1842,  he  was  ap- 
pointed Auditor  General  of  the  state.  He  continued  in 
this  office  one  month,  when  he  was  appointed  a  Judge  of 
the  Supreme  Court.  In  the  summer  of  1845  he  was 
elected  Governor  of  the  state.  In  February,  1847,  he 
was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  the  United  States  for  the 
term  of  six  years,  and,  having  resigned  the  office  of  Gov- 
ernor, took  his  seat  in  the  Senate  on  the  first  Monday  of 
December,  1847. 


108 


109 


SOLON  BORLAND, 

Senator  from  Arkansas,  was  born  in  Nasemond  county, 
Virginia,  on  the  8th  of  August,  1811.  Removed  to  North- 
Carolina  in  1823,  and  into  western  Tennessee  in  1836. 
In  1843  he  went  to  Arkansas.  In  May,  1846,  he  raised 
a  company  for  the  Mexican  War.  January  23d,  1847, 
he  was  taken  prisoner  at  Encainacion  by  Gen.  Minon. 
On  the  1st  of  August  he  made  his  escape.  He  was  at  the 
taking  of  Chapultepec,  Churubusco,  San  Cosmos  and  the 
city  of  Mexico.  He  returned  home  in  December,  1847, 
and  on  the  1st  of  April,  1848,  was  appointed  by  the  Gov- 
ernor of  Arkansas  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  a 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  appointment  of  A.  H.  Sevier, 
Commissioner  to  Mexico.  His  credentials  were  presented 
on  Monday  morning,  by  Hon.  Chester  Ashley,  Senator 
from  Arkansas,  who  was  taken  ill  the  next  day,  and  died 
in  the  course  of  the  week.  On  the  next  Monday  morning 
Mr.  Borland  performed  the  melancholy  duty  of  announc- 
ing the  death  of  Mr.  Ashley,  and  pronouncing  a  eulogy 
upon  his  character.  Mr.  Borland  was  subsequently  elected 
to  the  Senate  for  six  years  from  March  4th,  1849. 


10 


110 


Ill 


AUGUSTUS  C.  DODGE, 

Senator  from  Iowa,  was  born  at  St.  Genevieve,  west  of 
the  Mississippi,  on  the  2d  of  January,  1812.  He  removed 
to  Wisconsin  with  his  father,  Henry  Dodge,  in  1827.  He 
resided  in  that  territory  eleven  years,  and  helped  defend 
its  frontiers,  as  a  private,  in  the  Winnebago  and  in  the 
Black  Hawk  wars  of  1827  and  1832,  in  Wisconsin  and 
northern  Illinois.  Appointed  Register  of  the  Land  Office 
at  Burlington,  Wisconsin,  June  20th,  1838,  and  in  1840 
elected  to  the  lower  House  of  Congress,  to  which  he  was 
reelected  four  times.  Mr.  Dodge  did  much  to  effect  the 
admission  of  Iowa  into  the  Union  in  1846,  and  in  1848 
he  was  chosen  one  of  the  first  Senators  from  that  state, 
and  during  the  short  term,  was  reelected  at  the  same  ses- 
sion of  the  Legislature  for  six  years. 


112 


113 


GEORGE  WALLACE  JONES, 

Senator  from  Iowa,  was  born  at  Vincennes,  Indiana,  April 
12th,  1804,  and  was  educated  at  Transylvania  University, 
Lexington,  Kentucky,  where,  under  the  guardianship  of 
the  late  Henry  Clay,  he  graduated  with  distinguished 
honors  in  1825.  In  1827,  he  removed  to  Sinsinawa 
Mound,  Wisconsin,  and  engaged  in  the  mercantile  and 
smelting  business.  As  early  as  1828,  he  purchased  lead 
ore  of  the  Sac  and  Fox  Indians  upon  the  spot  where  the 
city  of  Dubuque  now  stands.  In  1832,  he  was  aid-de- 
camp to  Gen.  Henry  Dodge  in  the  Black  Hawk  war,  and 
in  1833  was  appointed  Judge  of  the  Superior  Court  of 
Wisconsin.  In  1835,  he  was  elected  delegate  to  Congress 
from  Michigan  Territory,  and  was  reelected  in  1837.  He 
was  appointed  Surveyor  General  to  Iowa  in  1840,  and  at 
the  end  of  one  year  was  superseded  by  General  James 
Wilson  of  New  Hampshire,  but  was  reapppointed  by  Mr. 
Polk  in  1845.  In  December,  1848,  he  was  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  for  the  term  which  expired  on  the 
3d  of  March,  .1852,  and  in  the  fall  of  the  same  year  was 
reelected  for  the  full  term  of  six  years. 

lO* 


114 


115 


HENRY  DODGE, 

Senator  from  Wisconsin,  was  born  at  Vincennes,  Indiana, 
Oct.  12, 1782.  He  was  raised  in  Kentucky,  and  at  an 
early  age  removed  to  Missouri.  In  the  war  of  1812  he 
commanded  the  troops  raised  for  the  defence  of  Missouri, 
having  been  appointed,  by  President  Madison,  Brigadier 
General.  In  1827  Gen.  Dodge  removed  to  Wisconsin, 
and  commanded  the  mounted  forces  in  the  Winnebago  dis- 
turbance, and  in  the  Black  Hawk  war  of  1832,  and  beat 
Black  Hawk's  followers  in  several  desperate  engagements. 
At  the  conclusion  of  this  war,  he  was  appointed,  by  Gen. 
Jackson,  Colonel  of  1st  Regiment  of  Mounted  Dragoons, 
which  he  led  on  two  long  and  successful  campaigns  to  the 
Mexican  frontier  and  the  Rocky  mountains,  in  1834-35. 
In  1836,  appointed  Governor  of  Wisconsin  by  Gen.  Jack- 
son, and  reappointed,  at  the  end  of  three  years,  by  Mr. 
Van  Buren.  Removed  by  John  Tyler,  and  immediately 
elected  to  the  U.  S.  House  of  Representatives,  in  which 
he  served  four  years.  Appointed  Governor  of  Wisconsin 
by  Mr.  Polk,  in  1845.  On  the  admission  of  Wisconsin 
into  the  Union,  he  was  elected  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate in  June,  1848,  and  in  1852,  at  the  expiration  of  the 
term,  he  was  reelected  for  six  years. 


116 


117 


JOHN  B.  WELLER, 

Senator  from  California,  is  a  native  of  Hamilton  county, 
Ohio,  and  is  now  forty-two  years  of  age.  He  was  edu- 
cated at  the  Miami  University.  At  the  age  of  twenty-one 
he  was  elected  prosecuting  attorney  for  the  county  of  But- 
ler, and  held  the  office  until  his  election  to  Congress  in 
1838.  He  was  a  member  of  the  House  of  Representa- 
tives for  six  years.  Upon  the  breaking  out  of  the  war 
with  Mexico,  he  was  elected  Lieutenant  Colonel  of  the  1st 
regiment  of  Ohio  volunteers,  and  served  under  General 
Taylor  at  the  battle  of  Monterey.  In  January,  1849,  he 
was  appointed  by  President  Polk,  under  the  treaty  of 
peace.  Commissioner  to  run  and  mark  the  boundary  line 
between  the  United  States  and  Mexico,  for  which  office  he 
was  dismissed  by  the  Whig  administration  in  1850.  In 
January,  1852,  he  was  elected  to  the  Senate  of  the 
United  States,  from  California,  for  the  term  of  six  years. 


118 


119 


WILLIAM  M.  GWIN, 

Senator  from  California,  was  born  in  Sumner  county,  Ten- 
nessee, October  9th,  1805.  He  was  educated  for  the 
medical  profession,  and  took  his  degree  as  M.  D.  at  the 
Transylvania  University,  Kentucky,  in  March,  1828.  In 
1831  he  removed  to  Mississippi,  where  he  practiced  his 
profession  until  1833,  when  he  retired  from  it,  having  been 
appointed  Marshal  of  the  state  by  General  Jackson.  On 
the  election  of  General  Harrison  to  the  Presidency,  he  re- 
signed his  oflBce,  and  became  a  candidate  for  Congress, 
and  was  elected.  He  declined  a  reelection,  and  soon  after 
removed  to  New-Orleans,  where  he  was  appointed  Com- 
missioner to  superintend  the  building  of  the  new  Custom 
House.  In  March,  1849,  he  removed  to  California.  He 
was  elected  a  member  of  the  Convention  to  form  a  State 
Constitution,  and  on  the  assembling  of  the  first  Legislature 
under  the  new  Constitution,  was  elected  United  States 
Senator. 


